FREE PDF QUIZ HIGH PASS-RATE HASHICORP - HCVA0-003 - HASHICORP CERTIFIED: VAULT ASSOCIATE (003)EXAM UPDATED DUMPS

Free PDF Quiz High Pass-Rate HashiCorp - HCVA0-003 - HashiCorp Certified: Vault Associate (003)Exam Updated Dumps

Free PDF Quiz High Pass-Rate HashiCorp - HCVA0-003 - HashiCorp Certified: Vault Associate (003)Exam Updated Dumps

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HashiCorp Certified: Vault Associate (003)Exam Sample Questions (Q20-Q25):

NEW QUESTION # 20
Which of the following Vault policies will allow a Vault client to read a secret stored at secrets/applications
/app01/api_key?

  • A. path "secrets/applications/app01/api_key/*" { capabilities = ["update", "list", "read"] }
  • B. path "secrets/applications/+/api_*" { capabilities = ["read"] }
  • C. path "secrets/applications/" { capabilities = ["read"] allowed_parameters = { "certificate" = [] } }
  • D. path "secrets/*" { capabilities = ["list"] }

Answer: B

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:
This question requires identifying a policy that permits reading the secret at secrets/applications/app01
/api_key. Vault policies use paths and capabilities to control access. Let's evaluate:
* A: path "secrets/applications/" { capabilities = ["read"] allowed_parameters = { "certificate" = []
} }This policy allows reading at secrets/applications/, but not deeper paths like secrets/applications
/app01/api_key. The allowed_parameters restriction is irrelevant for reading secrets. Incorrect.
* B: path "secrets/*" { capabilities = ["list"] }The list capability allows listing secrets under secrets/, but not reading their contents. Reading requires the read capability. Incorrect.
* C: path "secrets/applications/+/api_*" { capabilities = ["read"] }The + wildcard matches one segment (e.g., app01), and api_* matches api_key. This policy grants read access to secrets/applications
/app01/api_key. Correct.
* D: path "secrets/applications/app01/api_key/*" { capabilities = ["update", "list", "read"] }This policy applies to subpaths under api_key/, not the exact path api_key. It includes read, but the path mismatch makes it incorrect for this specific secret.
Overall Explanation from Vault Docs:
"Wildcards (*, +) allow flexible path matching... read capability is required to retrieve secret data." Option C uses globbing to precisely target the required path.
Reference:https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/tutorials/policies/policies


NEW QUESTION # 21
Which of the following statements are true about Vault policies? Choose two correct answers.

  • A. The default policy can not be modified
  • B. Policies deny by default (empty policy grants no permission)
  • C. Policies provide a declarative way to grant or forbid access to certain paths and operations in Vault
  • D. Vault must be restarted in order for a policy change to take an effect
  • E. You must use YAML to define policies

Answer: B,C

Explanation:
Vault policies are written in HCL or JSON format and are attached to tokens or roles by name. Policies define the permissions and restrictions for accessing and performing operations on certain paths and secrets in Vault. Policies are deny by default, which means that an empty policy grants no permission in the system, and any request that is not explicitly allowed by a policy is implicitly denied1. Some of the features and benefits of Vault policies are:
* Policies are path-based, which means that they match the request path to a set of rules that specify the allowed or denied capabilities, such as create, read, update, delete, list, sudo, etc2.
* Policies are additive, which means that if a token or a role has multiple policies attached, the effective policy is the union of all the individual policies. The most permissive capability is granted if there is a conflict3.
* Policies can use glob patterns, such as * and +, to match multiple paths or segments with a single rule. For example, path "secret/*" matches any path starting with secret/, and path "secret/+/config" matches any path with two segments after secret/ and ending with config4.
* Policies can use templating to interpolate certain values into the rules, such as identity information, time, randomness, etc. For example, path "secret/{{identity.entity.id}}/*" matches any path starting with secret/ followed by the entity ID of the requester5.
* Policies can be managed by using the vault policy commands or the sys/policy API endpoints. You can write, read, list, and delete policies by using these interfaces6.
The default policy is a built-in policy that is attached to all tokens by default and cannot be deleted. However, the default policy can be modified by using the vault policy write command or the sys/policy API endpoint. The default policy provides common permissions for tokens, such as renewing themselves, looking up their own information, creating and managing response-wrapping tokens, etc7.
You do not have to use YAML to define policies, as Vault supports both HCL and JSON formats. HCL is a human-friendly configuration language that is also JSON compatible, which means that JSON can be used as a valid input for policies as well8.
Vault does not need to be restarted in order for a policy change to take effect, as policies are stored and evaluated in memory. Any change to a policy is immediately reflected in the system, and any token or role that has that policy attached will be affected by the change.: 1(https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/concepts/policies), 2(https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault
/docs/concepts/policies), 3(https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/concepts/policies), 4(https://developer.
hashicorp.com/vault/docs/concepts/policies), 5(https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/concepts
/policies), 6(https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/commands/lease), 7(https://developer.hashicorp.com
/vault/docs/concepts/policies), 8(https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/concepts/policies), (https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/concepts/policies#policy-updates)


NEW QUESTION # 22
Which of the following are supported auth methods for Vault? (Select six)

  • A. OIDC/JWT
  • B. Token
  • C. AWS
  • D. AppRole
  • E. Kubernetes
  • F. Userpass
  • G. Cubbyhole

Answer: A,B,C,D,E,F

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Supported auth methods:
* A, B, C, D, E, G: "All of the options are valid auth methods except for Cubbyhole." Detailed in Vault docs.
* Incorrect Option:
* F: "Cubbyhole is a secrets engine."
Reference:https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/auth


NEW QUESTION # 23
To protect the sensitive data stored in Vault, what key is used to encrypt the data before it is written to the storage backend?

  • A. Encryption key
  • B. Root key
  • C. Recovery key
  • D. Unseal key

Answer: A

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Vault encrypts all data before writing it to the storage backend using an encryption key within its cryptographic barrier. This key, stored in a keyring, is itself encrypted by the master key (split into unseal keys). The recovery key (A) is for emergency recovery, not data encryption. Unseal keys (C) unlock the master key, not encrypt data directly. The root key (D) isn't a term used in Vault's encryption flow; the master key is the closest analog, but it protects the encryption key, not the data itself. The architecture docs clarify the encryption key's role.
References:
Vault Architecture
Keyring Details


NEW QUESTION # 24
How can Vault be used to programmatically obtain a generated code for MFA, somewhat similar to Google Authenticator?

  • A. The random byte generator
  • B. TOTP secrets engine
  • C. The identity secrets engine
  • D. Cubbyhole

Answer: B

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:
Vault can generate time-based one-time passwords (TOTP) for multi-factor authentication (MFA), mimicking apps like Google Authenticator. Let's evaluate:
* Option A: CubbyholeCubbyhole is a per-token secret store, not a TOTP generator. It's for temporary secretstorage, not MFA code generation. Incorrect.Vault Docs Insight:"Cubbyhole stores secrets tied to a token... no TOTP functionality." (Different purpose.)
* Option B: The random byte generatorVault's /sys/tools/random endpoint generates random bytes, not time-based codes synced with a clock (TOTP requirement). It's for generic randomness, not MFA.
Incorrect.Vault Docs Insight:"Random bytes are not time-based... unsuitable for TOTP." (Unrelated feature.)
* Option C: TOTP secrets engineThe TOTP engine generates and validates TOTP codes (e.g., 6-digit codes every 30s) using a shared secret, just like Google Authenticator. You create a key (vault write totp
/keys/my-key) and fetch codes (vault read totp/code/my-key). Perfect for programmatic MFA. Correct.
Vault Docs Insight:"The TOTP secrets engine can act as a TOTP code generator... replacing traditional generators like Google Authenticator." (Exact match.)
* Option D: The identity secrets engineThe Identity engine manages user/entity identities and policies, not TOTP codes. It's for identity management, not MFA generation. Incorrect.Vault Docs Insight:
"Identity engine handles identity data... no TOTP generation." (Different scope.) Detailed Mechanics:
Enable: vault secrets enable totp. Create key: vault write totp/keys/my-key issuer=Vault. Get code: vault read totp/code/my-key returns {"data":{"code":"123456"}}. Codes sync with time (RFC 6238), usable in APIs or apps.
Overall Explanation from Vault Docs:
"The TOTP secrets engine can act as a TOTP code generator... It provides an added layer of security since the ability to generate codes is guarded by policies and audited." Reference:https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/secrets/totp


NEW QUESTION # 25
......

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